Skin Analysis
Skin Analysis
Proper skin analysis starts with a thorough intake procedure. New clients obviously need a full workup, and the chart for regular clients is reviewed at the start of each appointment. Records for each client are meticulously maintained, so any professional stepping in can understand the client’s history, conditions, previous treatments, and ongoing concerns.
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Step 1:
Intake includes, at a minimum, questions about the client’s:
- Genetic history, particularly dermatological problems
- Nutrition and hydration, including special diets, water and caffeine intake, and over-the-counter nutritional supplements
- Lifestyle (exercise, stress, sun exposure, smoking, and so forth)
- Medical history (significant conditions, surgeries, allergies, over-the-counter and prescription medications, and so forth)
- Cosmetic history (previous procedures, reactions, homecare regimens, and so forth)
- Skin type (client’s perspective – to be confirmed with analysis)
- Skin’s intrinsic characteristics (related to genetics)
- Skin’s extrinsic characteristics (related to lifestyle)
- Treatment risk factors (allergies, sensitivities, previous reactions, medication interactions, lifestyle, and so forth
Step 2:
Once intake has been completed, the skin should be prepared for analysis of the skin types. Makeup must be thoroughly removed so the skin can be seen clearly.
Dry Skin
Dry skin is naturally lacking in oil throughout. Comedones are absent, and the surface will often be patchy, red, or irritated. Clients may complain their face feels “tight.” Usually, the skin’s proper pH is also off, which can be restored with the use of mild washing and toning products. Good moisturizers for day and night, preferably with a humectant component, are essential with dry skin to assist the skin in its barrier function and to improve its feel and appearance
Oily Skin
Oily skin is basically the opposite of dry skin, although clients with oily skin can also have surface dryness. This skin type is prone to acne breakouts and may appear shiny with enlarged pores. Genetics, stress, and hormones are all key factors in precipitating oily skin. The key with this type of skin is to control excess oil without stripping the skin. Treating surface bacteria may also be helpful. Moisturizers, sunscreens, and makeup should be oil-free.
Combination Skin
This is by far the most common skin type, with a large subset of this population having mostly dry skin with an oily T-zone. Different products may need to be applied where excess oil is a problem, such as a scrub or partial mask.
Sensitive Skin
Sensitive skin is more easily irritated by a host of factors, including but not limited to sun exposure, environmental pollutants, skin care products, makeup, and certain dermatological treatments.
Step 3:
During skin analysis, dermatologists and aestheticians will often uncover various skin conditions that can be treated in the clinic. These include acne, milia (whiteheads), blackheads, fine lines and wrinkles, rosacea, dehydration, sun damage, loss of elasticity, discoloration, and lesions.
